Arts, place, and sacrifice zones: restoration of damaged relational values in a Chilean sacrifice zone.

This paper aims to unpack the relational dimension of place and placemaking by analysing how creative actions underpin relational values towards socio-spatial restoration in the sacrifice zone affecting the communities of Quintero and Puchuncaví (QPSZ) in Chile. Sacrifice zones are places permanently subject to environmental damage and lack of environmental regulation. For affected populations in environmentally degraded areas, creative actions such as murals, music, and street performances have become a way to re-establish connections both among humans, and between humans and the environment. To date, little has been theorized on this connection. With this in mind, we use network analysis to analyze which and how relational values are mobilized by artistic actions, and to examine ensuing socio-spatial transformations. Drawing insights from 35 interviews with activists, artists, and residents in QPSZ, we observed relational effects of arts, especially in creation processes, and in representations of local elements and life histories. The materiality of artistic practices raised as a force of placemaking, and so did artistic spaces as promoters of networking and social cohesion, essential for socio-spatial restoration. By bringing together insights from aesthetic politics, human geography, and relational values, this paper contributes to the emerging literature on art committed to tackling socio-environmental crises, and to political-ecological theories on the transformation of degraded areas. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11625-022-01252-6.

Alternative Conservation Paradigms and Ecological Knowledge of Small-Scale Artisanal Fishers in a Changing Marine Scenario in Argentina.

We studied conservation paradigms of small-scale artisanal fishers and other actors involved in the conservation of the Bahía Blanca Estuary (BBE)-a Southwestern Atlantic estuary under anthropogenic pressures (conservationists, NGOs, individuals in the private sector and the port consortium). We focused on the relationship between fishers and non-human entities (e.g., animals, tides, lunar cycles, etc.) from alternative conservation paradigms according to Pálsson's schema (orientalism, paternalism, communalism). We also explored the ecological knowledge of fisher communities to identify possible conservation strategies. Using an ethnographic approach, we identified communalism as the dominant paradigm within the fisher communities as opposed to the paternalistic and orientalist approaches of conservationists and industry employees in the BBE. Fishers demonstrated a broad knowledge on the effects of climate change on fish stocks and pollution on ocean environments and biota, which gillnets avoid catching juveniles and threatened species, and landscape changes over the long-term period, among others areas that could be useful for conservation of these changing coastal ecosystems. We conclude that understanding local perspectives and practices is essential for a democratic exchange among different bodies of knowledge to conserve marine ecosystems.

Comunidades tradicionais e conflitos socioambientais: e a psicologia com isso? / Traditional communities and socio-environmental conflicts: and psychology with it? / Comunidades tradicionales y conflictos socioambientales: ¿y psicología con esto?

Temos como preocupação central neste exercício teórico buscar trilhas de superação dos efeitos do sofrimento ético-político produzido nos/pelos conflitos socioambientais que atravessam a constituição do processo de exclusão/inclusão social das comunidades tradicionais no Brasil. Compreendemos que a defesa de um mundo comum habitável passa pelo fortalecimento das comunidades tradicionais e que a defesa de seus conhecimentos, territórios e práticas socioambientais é um ato político-ecológico estratégico para a humanidade. Assim, sem desacreditar na força do sentimento de pertença que configura identidades/singularidades, propomos a necessária ampliação de movimentos/ideias que contribuam para a composição de corpos mais permeáveis ao sentimento do comum. Este afeto tem como princípio ético o reconhecimento dos outros corpos como potência em ato indispensável a costura da vida e como princípio político a apropriação do interesse comum como interesse pessoal. Neste sentido, defendemos o aprimoramento das relações humanas como horizonte ético-político da psicologia social.

The central concern of this theoretical exercise is to seek ways of overcoming the effects of ethical-political suffering produced in the socio-environmental conflicts that go through the constitution of the social exclusion/ inclusion process of traditional communities in Brazil. We understand that the defense of a common habitable world involves strengthening traditional communities and that the defense of their socio-environmental knowledge, territories and practices is a strategic political-ecological act for humanity. Thus, without discrediting the strength of the “feeling of belonging” that configures identities/ singularities, we propose the necessary expansion of movements / ideas that contribute to the composition of bodies more permeable to the “feeling of the common”. This affection has, as its ethical principle, the recognition of other bodies as a powerful of life and transformation action, and as a political principle the appropriation of common interest as a personal interest. In this sense, we defend the improvement of human relations as the ethical-political horizon of social psychology.

Tenemos como preocupación central en este ejercicio teórico buscar senderos de superación de los efectos del sufrimiento ético-político producido en los conflictos socioambientales que atravesan la constitución del proceso de exclusión/inclusión social de las comunidades tradicionales en Brasil. Comprendemos que la defensa de un mundo común habitable pasa por el fortalecimiento de las comunidades tradicionales y que la defensa de sus conocimientos, territorios y prácticas socioambientales es un acto político-ecológico estratégico para la humanidad. Así, sin desacreditar en la fuerza del sentimiento de pertenencia que configura identidades/singularidades, proponemos la necesaria ampliación de movimientos/ideas que contribuyan a la composición de cuerpos más permeables al sentimiento del común, afecto que tiene como principio ético el reconocimiento de los otros cuerpos como potencia en acto indispensable la costura de la vida y como principio político la apropiación del interés común como interés personal. En este sentido, defendemos el perfeccionamiento de las relaciones humanas como horizonte ético-político de la psicología social.

Disputas y conflictos en torno a la delimitación de los complejos depáramos en Colombia. El caso del complejo de páramos Sonsón de los departamentos de Antioquia y Caldas / Disputes and conflicts over the delimitation of the complexes of moors in Colombia. The case of the complex of the Sonson moors in the states of Antioquia and Caldas

Este articulo tiene como objetivo mostrar resultados de investigación en el que se desceriben los conflictos por la apropiación territorial y las consecuencias que traerá el proceso dedelimitación para las comunidades asentadas y los demás actores sociales que convergen en el territorio del complejo de páramos Sonsón de los departamentos de Antioquia y Caldas.Esto con el fin de dar elementos para la problematización de estos ejercicios estatales, y manifestar que el reto que significa hoy la gobernanza ambiental de los territorios rebasa el marco de una propuesta de delimitación que se propone como un trámite administrativo que determine dónde puede hacerse minería en el país, y que demanda escuchar las respuestas de las comunidades ante este tipo de iniciativas.

This article aims to show the results of research, which describes the conflicts over land ownership and the consequences that the redistricting process will bring to settledcommunities and other social actors that converge in the territory of the complex Sonson moors in the states of Antioquia and Caldas. This is in order to provide some items to the problematization of these state exercises, and to manifest the challenge of what the environmental governance of the territories means today, goes beyond the scope of a proposal of delimitation, which is proposed as a managerial procedure, which determines where in the country mining can be carried out, and which requires the fact of hearing the answers from the communities, in view of such initiatives.

São Paulo, centro e periferia: a retórica ambiental e os limites da política urbana / Sao Paulo, center and periphery: the environmental rhetoric and the limits of urban policy

O texto, referenciando-se na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, coloca um foco na questão ambiental urbana, onde o ambiente não consiste apenas em dinâmicas e processos naturais, mas inclui as relações entre estes e as dinâmicas e os processos sociais. Duas situações extremas expressam a questão: os assentamentos precários nas franjas periféricas junto aos mananciais e em áreas ambientalmente sensíveis e áreas centrais, consolidadas, que perdem população, mas têm potencial de adensamento. A partir desse ponto, são discutidos os projetos urbanos formulados para a área central do município de São Paulo, núcleo da Região Metropolitana. Evidencia-se, então, que a inserção da dimensão ambiental na questão urbana, de modo que não seja apenas retórica, traz à luz as próprias limitações das políticas urbanas.

The text, referring to the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, puts a focus on the urban environmental issue, in whish the environment consists not only of natural processes and dynamics, but also includes the relations between them and the social processes and dynamics. Two extreme situations highlight the matter: i) the outlying settlements on the fringes along the water supply areas and environmentally sensitive areas; ii) the decrease of population at the central and consolidated areas, which have a potential to increase density. From this point, the urban projects made for the central area of São Paulo, the core of the metropolitan area are discussed. It turns evident then that the inclusion of the environmental dimension in the urban issue, in a sense that is not just rhetoric, brings to light the intrinsic limitations of Urban Policies.